ʻO ke kānāwai ulu o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka vacuum coating layer film

I ka wā o ka evaporation coating, ʻo ka nucleation a me ka ulu ʻana o ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni ke kumu o nā ʻenehana uhi ion.

1.Nucleation

Inʻenehana uhi hoʻoheheʻe ʻia,Ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻuʻiaʻana o nā'āpana kiʻiʻoniʻoni mai ka punawai evaporation ma keʻano o nā'ātoma, lele pololei lākou i ka mea hana ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a hana i ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni e ka nucleation a me ka uluʻana ma luna o kaʻili o ka mea hana.I ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai, ʻo ka ikehu o nā ʻātoma papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pakele ana mai ke kumu hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma kahi o 0.2eV.Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hui ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana o ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma mua o ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa ma waena o nā mana o ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka mea hana, e hana i kahi nucleus mokupuni.Noho ʻia kahi ʻāpana kiʻiʻoniʻoni hoʻokahi ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hana no ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana i ka neʻe like ʻole, diffusion, neʻe, a i ʻole ka hui ʻana me nā ʻātoma ʻē aʻe e hana i nā pūʻulu atomika. ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka nucleus, i kapa ʻia he nucleus ʻano homogeneous.

maʻalahi, a loaʻa nā hemahema a me nā ʻanuʻu, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka ikaika adsorption o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka mea hana i nā ʻātoma radioactive.ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ikehu adsorption o ka ʻili o ka defect ma mua o ka ʻili maʻamau, no laila e lilo ia i ke kikowaena hana, kahi kūpono i ka nucleation makemake, i kapa ʻia ʻo heterogeneous nucleation.Ke like ka ikaika o ka hui pū me ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa, a i ʻole ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma waena o nā ʻātoma membrane a me ka mea hana i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka ikaika cohesive ma waena o nā ʻāpana membrane, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano lamellar.I ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe ion, hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu o ka mokupuni i ka nui o nā hihia.

2. Ulu

Ke hoʻokumuʻia ke kumu o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, hoʻomauʻo ia i ka uluʻana ma ka hoʻopaʻaʻana i nā atoms hanana. E ulu a hui pū nā mokupuni me kekahi i kekahi e hana i nā hemispheres nui, e hana mālie i kahi pae moku hemispherical e hohola ma luna o kaʻili o ka mea hana.

Ke kiʻekiʻe ka ikehu atomika o ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopuʻu pono ma luna o ka ʻili a hiki ke hana ʻia kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni hoʻomau i ka wā e liʻiliʻi ai nā pūʻulu atomika e hiki mai ana. ʻO nā pūʻulu i waiho ʻia he nui, aia lākou ma ke ʻano he nuclei peninsular nui. ʻO ka luna o ka mokupuni nui ka hopena o ka malu ma ka ʻaoʻao concave, ʻo ia ka "hopena o ke aka". a me ka ulu makemake, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui o ka concavity ma luna o ka ʻili e hana i nā kristal conical a i ʻole kolamu o ka nui kūpono.Hoʻokumu ʻia nā puka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kristal conical a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka waiwai o ka ʻili.