Zomwe zikuchitika pakadali pano za zokutira za vacuum semiconductor

Monga tonse tikudziwa, tanthauzo la semiconductor ndi kuti ali ndi madutsidwe pakati okonda youma ndi insulators, resistivity pakati zitsulo ndi insulator, amene nthawi zambiri firiji ndi mkati osiyanasiyana 1mΩ-masentimita ~ 1GΩ-cm. vakuyumu semiconductor ❖ kuyanika mu makampani akuluakulu semiconductor, n'zoonekeratu kuti udindo wake akuchulukirachulukira, makamaka ena akuluakulu Integrated dongosolo dera chitukuko luso njira kafukufuku kuti magnetoelectric kutembenuka zipangizo, kuwala-emitting zipangizo ndi ntchito zina zachitukuko.Kupaka kwa vacuum semiconductor kuli ndi gawo lofunikira.

Semiconductors amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe awo amkati, kutentha ndi ndende yonyansa.Zida zokutira za vacuum semiconductor zimasiyanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake makamaka ndi zomwe zimapangidwira.Pafupifupi zonse zimachokera ku boron, carbon, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium, ayodini, ndi zina zotero, ndi zina zochepa za GaP, GaAs, lnSb, ndi zina zotero. MnO, Cr₂O₃, Cu₂O, etc.

Vacuum evaporation, zokutira zopopera, zokutira ayoni ndi zida zina zimatha kuyika vacuum semiconductor.Zida zokutira zonsezi ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zimagwira ntchito, koma zonse zimapanga zida zokutira za semiconductor zomwe zimayikidwa pa gawo lapansi, ndipo monga zinthu za gawo lapansi, palibe chofunikira, zitha kukhala semiconductor kapena ayi.Kuphatikiza apo, zokutira zokhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi ndi kuwala zimatha kukonzedwa ndi kufalikira kwa zonyansa komanso kuyika kwa ion pamtunda wa gawo lapansi la semiconductor mosiyanasiyana.Chotsatira chocheperako chocheperako chingathenso kukonzedwa ngati zokutira za semiconductor zambiri.

Zovala za vacuum semiconductor ndizofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi, kaya ndi zida zogwira ntchito kapena zopanda pake.Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwaukadaulo wa zokutira za vacuum semiconductor, kuwongolera bwino kachitidwe kakanema kwatheka.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, zokutira za amorphous ndi zokutira za polycrystalline zapita patsogolo mwachangu popanga zida zopangira ma photoconductive, machubu otchinga m'munda, komanso ma cell a solar amphamvu kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kukula kwa zokutira za vacuum semiconductor ndi filimu yopyapyala ya masensa, yomwe imachepetsanso zovuta za kusankha kwa zinthu ndikupanga kupanga pang'onopang'ono.Zida zokutira za vacuum semiconductor zakhala zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito semiconductor.Zidazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popaka zida za semiconductor, ma cell a solar, ma transistors ophimbidwa, kutulutsa m'munda, kuwala kwa cathode, kutulutsa ma elekitironi, zinthu zowonda zamakanema, ndi zina zambiri.

Mzere wokutira wa magnetron sputtering wapangidwa ndi makina owongolera okha, mawonekedwe osavuta komanso owoneka bwino a makina amunthu.Mzerewu udapangidwa ndi mndandanda wathunthu wantchito kuti ukwaniritse kuwunikira kwathunthu momwe magwiridwe antchito amapangidwira zigawo zonse za mzere wopangira, kukonza magawo, chitetezo chachitetezo ndi ntchito za alamu.Njira yonse yoyendetsera magetsi ndi yotetezeka, yodalirika komanso yokhazikika.Zokhala ndi chandamale chapamwamba komanso cham'mbali chapawiri cha magnetron sputtering kapena njira yokutira yambali imodzi.

Zidazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama board a ceramic, ma chip high-voltage capacitors ndi zokutira zina zapansi panthaka, madera akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito ndi matabwa amagetsi.