1. Izinga lokuhwamuka lizosebenza ezimpahleni zenamathela ehwamukile
Izinga lokuhwamuka linomthelela omkhulu kufilimu efakiwe.Ngenxa yokuthi isakhiwo sokumboza esakhiwe izinga eliphansi lokubeka sikhululekile futhi kulula ukukhiqiza ukufakwa kwezinhlayiyana ezinkulu, kuphephe kakhulu ukukhetha izinga eliphezulu lokuhwamuka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubumbana kwesakhiwo sokumboza.Lapho ingcindezi yegesi eyinsalela ekamelweni le-vacuum ihlala njalo, izinga lokuqhuma kwamabhomu le-substrate liyinani elihlala njalo.Ngakho-ke, igesi esele equkethwe kufilimu efakiwe ngemva kokukhetha izinga eliphezulu lokubeka izoncishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwama-molecule egesi asele kanye nezinhlayiya zefilimu ezihwamukile.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanzeka kwefilimu efakiwe kungathuthukiswa.Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma izinga lokufakwa lishesha kakhulu, lingase likhulise ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwefilimu, lizokwandisa amaphutha efilimu, futhi liholele ekuqhekekeni kwefilimu.Ikakhulukazi, ohlelweni lwe-evaporation plating, ukuze wenze igesi yokusabela isabele ngokugcwele nezinhlayiya zezinto zefilimu ehwamukayo, ungakhetha izinga eliphansi lokubeka.Yiqiniso, izinto ezahlukene zikhetha amazinga ahlukene okuhwamuka.Njengesibonelo esisebenzayo- ukufakwa kwefilimu ekhanyayo, Uma ubukhulu befilimu bungama-600 × 10-8cm futhi isikhathi sokuhwamuka singama-3s, ukubukeka kungama-93%.Kodwa-ke, uma izinga lokuhwamuka lehliswa ngaphansi kwesimo sogqinsi esifanayo, kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 ukuqedela ukufakwa kwefilimu.Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushuba kwefilimu kuyafana.Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kwehle kwafinyelela ku-68%.
2. Izinga lokushisa elingaphansi lizosebenza embotsheni yokuhwamuka
Izinga lokushisa le-substrate linethonya elikhulu embotsheni yokuhwamuka.Ama-molecule egesi asele akhangiswe endaweni engaphansi kwe-substrate ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu le-substrate kulula ukususwa.Ikakhulukazi ukuqedwa kwama-molecule omusi wamanzi kubaluleke kakhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, akulula nje kuphela ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kusuka ekukhangiseni ngokomzimba kuya ekukhangisweni kwamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise amandla okubopha phakathi kwezinhlayiya.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase futhi kunciphise umehluko phakathi kwezinga lokushisa le-recrystallization lama-molecule e-vapor kanye nezinga lokushisa le-substrate, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise noma kuqede ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kusixhumi esibonakalayo esisekelwe kwifilimu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa le-substrate lihlobene nesimo se-crystalline sefilimu, ngokuvamile kulula ukwakha i-amorphous noma i-microcrystalline coatings ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa okuphansi kwe-substrate noma akukho ukushisa.Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, kulula ukwenza i-crystalline coating.Ukwenyusa izinga lokushisa kwe-substrate nakho kuyasiza ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zemishini zokugqoka.Yiqiniso, izinga lokushisa le-substrate akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuhwamuka kwentonga.
3. Umfutho wegesi oyinsalela egumbini le-vacuum uzosebenza ezakhiweni zefilimu
Ukucindezela kwegesi esele ekamelweni le-vacuum kunethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-membrane.Ama-molecule egesi asele anengcindezi ephakeme kakhulu akulula nje ukungqubuzana nezinhlayiya ezihwamukayo, okuzonciphisa amandla e-kinetic abantu ku-substrate futhi kuthinte ukunamathela kwefilimu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezela kwegesi ephezulu kakhulu okusalayo kuzothinta kakhulu ukuhlanzeka kwefilimu futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kokumboza.
4. Umphumela wokushisa wokuhwamuka ku-evaporation enamathela
Umthelela wezinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka ekusebenzeni kolwelwesi uboniswa ukushintsha kwezinga lokuhwamuka nezinga lokushisa.Uma izinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka liphezulu, ukushisa kokuhwamuka kuzokwehla.Uma impahla ye-membrane ihwamuka ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka, ngisho noshintsho oluncane lokushisa lungabangela ushintsho olubukhali kuzinga lokuhwamuka kwempahla ye-membrane.Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula izinga lokushisa lokuhwamuka ngokunembile ngesikhathi sokubekwa kwefilimu ukuze ugweme izinga lokushisa elikhulu lapho umthombo wokuhwamuka ushiswa.Ukuze uthole izinto zefilimu ezilula ukuzithoba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha into ngokwayo njenge-heater yokuhwamuka nezinye izinyathelo.
5. Ukuhlanza isimo se-substrate kanye negumbi lokumboza kuzosebenza ekusebenzeni kokumboza
Umphumela wokuhlanzeka kwe-substrate kanye negumbi lokugqoka ekusebenzeni kokugqoka akukwazi ukunakwa.Ngeke nje kuthinte kakhulu ukuhlanzeka kwefilimu efakiwe, kodwa futhi kunciphise ukunamathela kwefilimu.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanzwa kwe-substrate, ukuhlanzwa kwegumbi lokumboza i-vacuum kanye nezingxenye zalo ezihlobene (njengohlaka lwe-substrate) kanye nokukhipha umoya ongaphezulu kuyizinqubo ezibalulekile enqubweni yokumboza i-vacuum.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-28-2023